Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure used to examine the uterus and fallopian tubes. It is commonly performed to assess female fertility and investigate potential causes of infertility. Here is an overview of the HSG procedure:

1. Preparation:

• Before the procedure, the patient may be advised to take a pain reliever to help alleviate any discomfort during the test.
• The patient should inform the healthcare provider if there is a possibility of pregnancy.

2. Informed Consent:

• The healthcare provider will explain the procedure, including its purpose, risks, and benefits. The patient will be asked to sign a consent form.

3. Patient Positioning:

• The patient lies on an examination table, similar to the position during a pelvic exam.

4. Speculum Insertion:

• A speculum is inserted into the vagina to visualize the cervix.

5. Cleansing and Anesthesia:

• The cervix is cleaned, and a local anesthetic may be applied to minimize discomfort.

6. Catheter Insertion:

• A thin catheter is carefully inserted through the cervix and into the uterus.

7. Contrast Injection:

• A contrast material (dye) is injected through the catheter into the uterus. The contrast helps outline the shape of the uterine cavity and the fallopian tubes.

8. X-ray Imaging:

• X-ray images are taken in real-time as the contrast material fills the uterus and spills into the fallopian tubes. This allows the healthcare provider to identify any abnormalities, such as blockages or abnormalities in the shape of the uterus or tubes.

9. Post-Procedure:

• After the procedure, the catheter is removed, and the patient may rest for a short period. Some patients may experience mild cramping.

10. Follow-up:

• The healthcare provider will discuss the findings with the patient and determine any necessary next steps based on the results.

Retrograde Urethrogram (RGU) Procedure:

A Retrograde Urethrogram (RGU) is a diagnostic imaging procedure used to evaluate the structure and function of the male urethra. It is commonly performed to investigate issues such as urethral strictures or other abnormalities. Here is an overview of the RGU procedure:

1. Preparation:

• The patient may be asked to empty their bladder before the procedure.

2. Informed Consent:

• The healthcare provider explains the purpose, risks, and benefits of the procedure, and the patient signs a consent form.

3. Patient Positioning:

• The patient is positioned on an examination table, and the genital area is cleaned and sterilized.

4. Catheter Insertion:

• A lubricated catheter is gently inserted into the urethra.

5. Contrast Injection:

• A contrast material (dye) is injected through the catheter into the urethra. This allows for clear visualization of the urethra on X-ray images.

6. X-ray Imaging:

• X-ray images are taken as the contrast material flows through the urethra, providing detailed images of the urethral anatomy.

7. Post-Procedure:

• After the images are obtained, the catheter is removed, and the patient may be allowed to empty their bladder.

8. Follow-up:

• The healthcare provider reviews the images and discusses the findings with the patient, recommending any necessary further evaluation or treatment.

Both HSG and RGU are valuable diagnostic tools that contribute to the accurate assessment and treatment planning for reproductive and urological health, respectively. It’s important to follow any pre-procedure instructions provided by your healthcare provider and to communicate any concerns or questions you may have before undergoing these imaging procedures.